Experience of hope in older people with chronic illness: A meta-synthesis.

BACKGROUND: The increase in life expectancy has contributed to an increase in the number of older people, but this population has to learn to live with at least one chronic illness. Thus, hope has become an important resource for the older adult to face the repercussions of chronic illness. OBJECTIVE: To synthesise qualitative evidence on the experience of hope in older people with chronic illness. METHODS: This meta-synthesis included qualitative studies which present the experiences of hope in older people diagnosed with at least one chronic illness. The searches were made from six databases, guided by the SPIDER tool. The identified articles were then independently screened by two reviewers. The results were analysed according to the thematic synthesis approach. RESULTS: Eighteen articles were included, and four analytical themes were constructed. The results allow us to understand that older people live with long-term conditions and hope for an ordinary life. To react to new changes and to maintain hope, they create goals that motivate them in daily life. The treatment is initially seen as a salvation, but the information acquired with the evolution of the illness modifies this perception. In addition, the uncertainty about the success of the treatment creates conflict in their hope. In the support and care of older people in the new context of illness, meaningful relationships strengthen hope most of the time. There is still the hope of being reconciled with death, but there are times when suffering overcomes the hope of living. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-synthesis highlights that the experience of hope in older people is dynamic and influenced by the context of changes related to illness, treatment, significant relationships and proximity to death. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: A better understanding of the role and characteristics of hope in older people with chronic illness may help to develop more effective interventions to promote and maintain hope.

Cateterismo urinário e as técnicas para prevenção de hematúria: revisão integrativa / Cateterismo urinario y las técnicas para prevención de hematuria: revisión integradora / Urinary catheterization and techniques for preventing hematuria: integrative review

Resumo Objetivo Analisar e sintetizar as evidências científicas disponíveis sobre o cateterismo urinário e as técnicas utilizadas para prevenir a hematúria no esvaziamento da bexiga, na retenção urinária aguda e crônica, em adultos e idosos. Métodos Revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed, LILACS, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science e Scopus; e busca manual nas listas de referências dos estudos incluídos. Um período ilimitado foi usado para revisar estudos em português, inglês, francês, alemão e espanhol. Aplicado estratégia PICOS na elaboração da pergunta de pesquisa e instrumento Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) para avaliar qualidade metodológica dos estudos. Resultados Foram incluídos 11 estudos, com um total de 659 pacientes. A retenção urinária ocorreu principalmente em homens, tendo como principal causa a hiperplasia prostática benigna. As técnicas utilizadas para descompressão vesical, por cateterismo urinário, foram a descompressão rápida e a gradual, sendo as principais complicações, independente da técnica, hematúria e hipotensão. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença significativa entre as duas técnicas quanto ao desfecho prevenção da hematúria. Conclusão O esvaziamento gradual da bexiga não previne a hematúria em comparação com o esvaziamento rápido e completo. Mas os estudos, principalmente os relatos de casos, descrevem quadros clínicos que merecem atenção diante da ocorrência de hematúria após cateterismo urinário e as implicações no tratamento dos pacientes. Destaca a importância da enfermagem na identificação e prevenção do diagnóstico de Retenção Urinária, a fim de evitar intervenções posteriores e complicações clínicas, inclusive hematúria pós-cateterismo.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar y sintetizar las evidencias científicas disponibles sobre el cateterismo urinario y las técnicas utilizadas para prevenir la hematuria en el vaciado de la vejiga, en la retención urinaria aguda y crónica en adultos y personas mayores. Métodos Revisión integradora realizada en las bases de datos Pubmed, LILACS, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science y Scopus y búsqueda manual en las listas de referencias de los estudios incluidos. Se utilizó un período ilimitado para revisar estudios en portugués, inglés, francés, alemán y español. Se aplicó la estrategia PICOS en la elaboración de la pregunta de investigación y el instrumento Joanna Briggs Institute (JIB) para evaluar la calidad metodológica de los estudios. Resultados Se incluyeron 11 estudios con un total de 659 pacientes. La retención urinaria ocurrió principalmente en hombres, principalmente a causa de la hiperplasia prostática benigna. Las técnicas utilizadas para la descompresión vesical por cateterismo urinario fueron la descompresión rápida y la gradual, y las principales complicaciones, independientemente de la técnica, fueron hematuria e hipotensión. Los resultados mostraron que no hubo diferencia significativa entre las dos técnicas respecto al resultado de prevención de la hematuria. Conclusión El vaciado gradual de la vejiga no previene la hematuria en comparación con el vaciado rápido y completo. Sin embargo, los estudios, principalmente los relatos de casos, describen cuadros clínicos que necesitan atención ante los episodios de hematuria después del cateterismo urinario y las consecuencias en el tratamiento de los pacientes. Se destaca la importancia de la enfermería en la identificación y prevención del diagnóstico de retención urinaria, a fin de evitar intervenciones posteriores y complicaciones clínicas, inclusive hematuria poscateterismo.

Abstract Objective Analyze and synthesize the available scientific evidence on urinary catheterization and techniques used to prevent hematuria in bladder emptying and acute and chronic urinary retention in adults and the elderly. Methods This integrative review was carried out in the PubMed, LILACS, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Hand searching was used in the reference lists of included studies. An unlimited period was used to review the studies published in Portuguese, English, French, German, and Spanish. The PICOS strategy was applied to develop the research question and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) instrument was used to assess the methodological quality of studies. Results Eleven studies were included, with a total of 659 patients. Urinary retention occurred mainly in men and the main cause was benign prostatic hyperplasia. Rapid and gradual decompressions were the techniques used for bladder decompression by urinary catheterization, and hematuria and hypotension were the main complications regardless of the technique. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two techniques in terms of the outcome of hematuria prevention. Conclusion Gradual bladder emptying does not prevent hematuria compared to rapid and complete emptying. Case reports describe clinical conditions that deserve attention when hematuria occurs after urinary catheterization and the respective implications in the treatment of patients. We highlight the importance of nursing in identifying and preventing the diagnosis of Urinary Retention to avoid subsequent interventions and clinical complications, including post-catheterization hematuria.

Resilience in Older People: A Concept Analysis.

(1) Background: Resilience has been presented as a potential protective factor to be promoted in difficult experiences in older people. However, further clarification of the concept of resilience for this population is required, as this is of critical interest for nursing care. (2) Aim: To develop the concept of resilience in older people to establish the elements that refer to the nursing outcome. Personal resilience (1309) from the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), specifically in older people. (3) Methods: Concept analysis using Beth Rodgers' evolutionary model. The attributes, antecedents, consequents, and empirical elements were described in the integrative review, with searches in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, LILACS, and Embase databases. A total of 2431 citations have been identified, and 110 studies were included. (4) Results: The concept of "resilience in older people" is composed of two attributes, available resources and positive behaviors, and is defined as positive attitudes of older people with the assistance of resources available from experiences of adversity. Conclusion: This analysis and concept development of resilience in older people provided sensitive indicators for nursing care in the context of adversity, considering available resources and with positive attitudes during this phase of life span.

Happiness of Older Adults in Haemodialysis: Findings from a Comparative Study.

Happiness is related to longevity and better health; nevertheless, there is a lack of knowledge about the construct, understood as subjective well-being (SWB), of older adults undergoing hemodialysis. This cross-sectional study investigated the extent to which hemodialysis treatment affects the SWB of older adults, compared to non-dialysis older adults. Regarding this, a total of 126 participants have interviewed: all the older adults in the hemodialysis service, 42 patients, from a city in Brazil, and 84 older adults from the Community, age- and gender-matched, predominantly men (64.3%), aged between 60 and 81 years. Participants respond to pattern questionnaires about SWB (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect), depressive symptoms, sociodemographic characteristics, and physical health status. Analysis of variance presented in hemodialysis had no effect on SWB and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, participants in the hemodialysis had fewer years of schooling, and those in the community presented more diseases. The high number of illnesses and low educational level demonstrate effects on SWB, as well the length of hemodialysis is negatively associated with SWB. Therefore, hemodialysis by itself does not make older adults unhappier and depressive, but some variables depending on the socioeconomical status and length of treatment are associated with depression and worst SWB.

Impact of digital social media on the perception of loneliness and social isolation in older adults. / Impacto de mídias sociais digitais na percepção de solidão e no isolamento social em idosos.

OBJECTIVE: to synthesize knowledge about the use of social media and the perception of loneliness and/or social isolation in older adults. METHOD: integrative literature review with primary studies published in full, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, between September 2014 and July 2020 in the databases: American Psychological Association Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature databases, Web of Science and PubMed. RESULTS: 11 articles were included, categorized based on the types of technologies: "the use of the Internet", encompassing social networking sites, the internet and applications; "communication devices", with the use of smartphones, tablets and iPads and "types of communication" covering the use of interpersonal means of communication in the digital age, such as video calls and emails. There were positive results (63.6%) regarding the use of social media to minimize the perception of loneliness and/or social isolation in the older adults. CONCLUSION: the scientific evidence shows that the use of digital social media can reduce the perception of loneliness and/or isolation in older adults. Furthermore, the internet can favor greater contact between the older adults and family members and can serve as a source of support, provide a greater sense of belonging in the community and reduce loneliness.

Impacto de mídias sociais digitais na percepção de solidão e no isolamento social em idosos / Impact of digital social media on the perception of loneliness and social isolation in older adults / Impacto de los medios de comunicación social digitales en la percepción de soledad y aislamiento social en las personas mayores

Resumo Objetivo: sintetizar o conhecimento disponível sobre o impacto de mídias sociais na percepção de solidão e/ou no isolamento social em idosos. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura com estudos primários publicados na íntegra, em português, inglês e espanhol, entre setembro de 2014 e julho de 2020 nas bases de dados American Psychological Association Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências de Saúde, Web of Science e PubMed. Resultados: foram incluídos 11 artigos categorizados com base nos tipos de tecnologias: "o uso da internet", englobando sites de redes sociais, internet e aplicativos; "dispositivos de comunicação", com uso de smartphones, tablets e iPads; e "tipos de comunicação", incluindo meios de comunicação interpessoal na era digital, como videochamadas e e-mails. Houve resultados positivos (63,6%) sobre o uso de mídias sociais para minimizar a percepção de solidão e/ou o isolamento social dos idosos. Conclusão: as evidências científicas demonstraram que o uso de mídias sociais digitais pode reduzir a percepção de solidão e/ou o isolamento em idosos. Ademais, a internet pode favorecer maior contato entre idosos e famílias, servir como fonte de apoio e contribuir para maior senso de pertencimento em uma comunidade e redução da solidão.

Abstract Objective: to synthesize knowledge about the use of social media and the perception of loneliness and/or social isolation in older adults. Method: integrative literature review with primary studies published in full, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, between September 2014 and July 2020 in the databases: American Psychological Association Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature databases, Web of Science and PubMed. Results: 11 articles were included, categorized based on the types of technologies: "the use of the Internet", encompassing social networking sites, the internet and applications; "communication devices", with the use of smartphones, tablets and iPads and "types of communication" covering the use of interpersonal means of communication in the digital age, such as video calls and emails. There were positive results (63.6%) regarding the use of social media to minimize the perception of loneliness and/or social isolation in the older adults. Conclusion: the scientific evidence shows that the use of digital social media can reduce the perception of loneliness and/or isolation in older adults. Furthermore, the internet can favor greater contact between the older adults and family members and can serve as a source of support, provide a greater sense of belonging in the community and reduce loneliness.

Resumen Objetivo: sintetizar el conocimiento sobre el uso de medios de comunicación social en la percepción de la soledad y/o aislamiento social en personas mayores. Método: revisión integradora de la literatura, con estudios primarios publicados integralmente, en portugués e inglés, entre septiembre de 2014 y julio de 2020, en las bases de datos: American Psychological Association Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, Literatura Latino-Americana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Web of Science y PubMed. Resultados: fueron incluidos 11 artículos categorizados con base en los tipos de tecnologías: "el uso de la Internet", englobando las páginas electrónica de redes sociales, Internet y aplicativos; "dispositivos de comunicación", con uso de smartphones, tablets e iPads; y, "tipos de comunicación" con uso de medios de comunicación interpersonal en la era digital, tales como, videollamadas y e-mails. Hubo resultados positivos (63,6%) sobre el uso de medios de comunicación social para minimizar la percepción de la soledad y/o el aislamiento social de las personas mayores. Conclusión: las evidencias científicas demostraron que el uso de medios de comunicación social digitales puede reducir la percepción de soledad y/o aislamiento en personas mayores. La Internet puede favorecer un mayor contacto entre personas mayores y sus familias, servir como fuente de apoyo, dar mayor sentido de pertenecer a una comunidad y reducir la soledad.

Frailty in younger-old and oldest-old adults in a context of high social vulnerability / Fatores associados à fragilidade em idosos jovens e mais velhos em contexto de alta vulnerabilidade social

Objective: To analyze the factors associated with physical frailty in community-dwelling younger-old (60 to 74 years) and oldest-old (75 years or older) adults in a region of high social vulnerability. Social vulnerability refers to the absence of or difficulty obtaining social support from public institutions, situations that hinder the realization of or deny citizens their social rights and affect their social cohesion, and the ability to react to high-risk social situations ­ associated health and illness. In this study, we used the São Paulo Social Vulnerability Index developed by the SEADE Foundation, which classifies social vulnerability based on socioeconomic and demographic conditions. Methods: Quantitative analytical study of 303 older adults. Fried frailty phenotype assessment was performed and the Mini Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, and the Lawton Scale of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living were administered. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to analyze data. Results: Of the older adults, 12.21% were nonfrail, 60.72% were prefrail, and 27.06% were frail. The single factor most associated with frailty was depressive symptoms (OR = 2.65; 95%CI 1.38 ­ 5.08) in the younger-old and illiteracy (OR = 14.64; 95%CI 1.82 ­ 116.51) in the oldest old. Conclusion: The factor most associated with frailty in younger-old adults (aged 60 to 74 years) was depressive symptoms, whereas in the oldest old (aged 75 or older), the factor most associated with frailty was being illiterate. The results of this investigation should prompt health professionals and managers to discuss and program new strategies for health promotion and prevention of factors that may aggravate frailty, respecting the differences found between older adults in early and later old age.

Objetivo: Analisar os fatores associados à fragilidade física de idosos jovens (de 60 a 74 anos) e mais velhos (75 anos ou mais) que vivem na comunidade em uma região de alta vulnerabilidade social. A vulnerabilidade social refere-se à ausência ou dificuldade de assistência de instituições de segurança social, situações que dificultam ou negam o exercício dos direitos sociais de cada indivíduo e afetam sua coesão social, e a capacidade de reagir a situações de risco social ­ associados a saúde e doença. Nesta pesquisa, foi utilizado o Índice Paulista de Vulnerabilidade Social elaborado pela Fundação SEADE, que classifica a vulnerabilidade social com base em dimensões socioeconômicas e demográficas. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo transversal, realizado com 303 idosos. Aplicaram-se avaliação da fragilidade física (fenótipo de Fried), miniexame do estado mental, escala de depressão geriátrica, índex de Katz ­ Atividades Básicas de Vida Diária, e escala de Lawton e Brody ­ Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária, além de terem sido avaliadas as características sociodemográficas e de saúde. Para a análise dos dados foram realizadas estatística descritiva e regressão logística. Resultados: Dos 303 idosos, 12,21% eram não frágeis, 60,72% pré-frágeis e 27,06% frágeis. O fator associado à fragilidade nos idosos jovens foi ter sintomas depressivos (odds ratio ­ OR = 2,65; intervalo de confiança de 95% ­ IC95% 1,38 ­ 5,08), e nos mais velhos, ser analfabeto (OR = 14,65; IC95% 1,82 ­ 116,51). Conclusão: O fator associado à fragilidade no grupo de idosos jovens foi ter sintomas depressivos. No grupo de idosos mais velhos, o fator que se associou à fragilidade foi ser analfabeto. Os resultados desta investigação poderão instigar profissionais e gestores de saúde sobre as necessidades de se discutir e programar novas estratégias de promoção à saúde e prevenção de fatores agravantes da fragilidade respeitando-se as diferenças encontradas a idosos durante seu envelhecimento.

Sexuality and assessment of physical and psychological symptoms of older adults in outpatient care.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the relationship between affective and sexual experiences and the intensity of physical and psychological symptoms of older adults. METHODS: observational, cross-sectional and analytical study, guided by the STROBE tool, carried out in a geriatric outpatient clinic. Sociodemographic and health questionnaire, Affective and Sexual Experiences Scale for Elderly, Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale were used. Descriptive statistical analysis and Spearman correlation were performed. RESULTS: forty-five older adults participated, with a mean age of 73.8 years; most (91.1%) were married. The highest averages of symptom intensity were pain (4.9), anxiety (4.8), drowsiness (4.5), and a feeling of well-being (4.5). There was a negative correlation between sadness and the dimensions of sexual activity and affective relationships (rs=-0.365; p=0.014 and rs=-0.386; p=0.009) and between anxiety and sexual activity (rs=-0.308; p=0.040). CONCLUSION: as sadness increases, affective and sexual experiences are less. The greater the anxiety intensity, the lower the sexual experiences.

Contribution of an instructional module for lymph node evaluation: An experiment.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the contribution of an instructional module identifying the number and characteristics of lymph nodes by undergraduate nursing students. METHOD: an experimental, randomized, controlled and masked study using an instructional module for intervention. The 68 students who made up the control group or the experimental group performed the prototype lymph node palpation in the initial and final phases, following the free registration of the characteristics and number of these structures. Between the phases, the instructional module (palpation prototype and a registration guide instrument) was applied to the experimental group. Descriptive statistics and mixed linear regression were used for analysis. RESULTS: the experimental group showed greater accuracy (p<0.05) in the evaluation of the size, consistency, mobility and coalescence of the lymph nodes in the final phase when compared to the control; it also showed more chances to correctly evaluate the consistency ( OR 45,26; 95% CI<7,74>‡<264.54> p<0.0001), mobility (OR 55.95; CI 95% 12.45 - 251.60; p<0.0001) and size (OR 25.64; CI 95% 3.92 - 160.2; p=0.0002) of the lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: the results reinforce the contribution of the instructional module to increase the knowledge of nursing students about the evaluation of lymph nodes.

Atuação de movimentos sociais e entidades na pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil: O cuidado à pessoa idosa em Instituições de Longa Permanência / Performance of social movements and entities in the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: Older adults care in long-term care facilities

Resumo Objetivo analisar o conteúdo de documentos propostos por movimentos sociais e entidades de classe para orientar o cuidado em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI) durante a pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. Método Pesquisa documental, retrospectiva, descritiva e exploratória. Foram identificados quatro websites de movimentos sociais e entidades e analisados seus respectivos documentos para orientar o cuidado à pessoa idosa que vive em ILPI no contexto da pandemia no Brasil. A análise foi do tipo temática, com auxílio do software IRaMuTeQ Resultados Foram selecionados 28 textos para análise. O movimento social Frente Nacional de Fortalecimento à ILPI apresentou o maior quantitativo de produções. Na análise temática emergiram três classes: (1) O cuidado como estratégia de prevenção de contágio pela COVID-19 na ILPI; (2) O suporte dos gestores públicos enquanto direito da pessoa idosa que reside em ILPI; e (3) A preservação do vínculo sociofamiliar do residente da ILPI durante a pandemia. Conclusão Os movimentos sociais e entidades tiveram um lépido desempenho no suporte às ILPI no Brasil por meio da divulgação de documentos que contribuíram para nortear o cuidado à pessoa idosa institucionalizada em situação de vulnerabilidade. Faz-se necessário maior envolvimento dos gestores públicos na proteção e direito à vida dessa população idosa.

Abstract Objective To analyze the content of documents proposed by social movements and professional associations to guide care in Long-Term Care Institutions for the Elderly (LTCF) during a COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Method This is a documentary, retrospective, descriptive and exploratory research. It was found four websites and their respective documents were identified to guide the care of the older adultswho live in LTCF in the context of the pandemic in Brazil. Thematic analysis was performed using IRaMuTeQ software. Results 28 texts were selected for analysis. The social movement "National Front for Strengthening the LTCF" presented the highest number of productions. In the thematic analysis, three classes emerged: (1) Care as a contagion prevention strategy for COVID-19 at the LTCF; (2) The support of public managers as a right of the older adults living in the LTCF; and (3) The preservation of the social link of the LTCF residents during the pandemic. Conclusion Social movements and organizations had a quick performance in supporting the LTCF in Brazil through the dissemination of documents that guided the care of institutionalized older adults in situations of vulnerability. Greater involvement of public managers in the protection and the right to life of these older adults population is necessary.

Sexuality and assessment of physical and psychological symptoms of older adults in outpatient care / Sexualidad y valoración de la sintomatología física y psicológica del anciano en consulta externa / Sexualidade e avaliação de sintomas físicos e psicológicos de idosos em assistência ambulatorial

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the relationship between affective and sexual experiences and the intensity of physical and psychological symptoms of older adults. Methods: observational, cross-sectional and analytical study, guided by the STROBE tool, carried out in a geriatric outpatient clinic. Sociodemographic and health questionnaire, Affective and Sexual Experiences Scale for Elderly, Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale were used. Descriptive statistical analysis and Spearman correlation were performed. Results: forty-five older adults participated, with a mean age of 73.8 years; most (91.1%) were married. The highest averages of symptom intensity were pain (4.9), anxiety (4.8), drowsiness (4.5), and a feeling of well-being (4.5). There was a negative correlation between sadness and the dimensions of sexual activity and affective relationships (rs=-0.365; p=0.014 and rs=-0.386; p=0.009) and between anxiety and sexual activity (rs=-0.308; p=0.040). Conclusion: as sadness increases, affective and sexual experiences are less. The greater the anxiety intensity, the lower the sexual experiences.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la relación entre las experiencias afectivas y sexuales y la intensidad de los síntomas físicos y psicológicos de las personas mayores. Métodos: estudio observacional, transversal y analítico, guiado por la herramienta STROBE, realizado en un ambulatorio geriátrico. Se utilizó: cuestionario sociodemográfico y de salud; Escala de Experiencias Afectivas y Sexuales del Adulto Mayor; Escala de síntomas de Edmonton. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo y correlación de Spearman. Resultados: participaron 45 ancianos, con una edad media de 73,8 años y la mayoría (91,1%) casados. Los mayores promedios de intensidad de los síntomas fueron dolor (4,9), ansiedad (4,8), somnolencia (4,5) y sensación de bienestar (4,5). Hubo una correlación negativa entre la tristeza y las dimensiones del acto sexual y las relaciones afectivas (rs=-0,365; p=0,014 y rs=-0,386; p=0,009) y entre la ansiedad y el acto sexual (rs=-0,308; p=0,040). Conclusión: a medida que aumenta la tristeza, las experiencias afectivas y sexuales son menores. Cuanto mayor es la intensidad de la ansiedad, menores son las experiencias sexuales.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a relação entre as vivências afetivas e sexuais e a intensidade de sintomas físicos e psicológicos dos idosos. Métodos: estudo observacional, transversal e analítico, norteado pela ferramenta STROBE, realizado em um ambulatório de geriatria. Utilizou-se: questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde; Escala de Vivências Afetivas e Sexuais do Idoso; Escala de Sintomas de Edmonton. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva e correlação de Spearman. Resultados: participaram 45 idosos com média de idade 73,8 anos e a maioria (91,1%) casada. As maiores médias de intensidade de sintomas foram dor (4,9), ansiedade (4,8), sonolência (4,5) e sensação de bem-estar (4,5). Houve correlação negativa entre tristeza e as dimensões ato sexual e relações afetivas (rs=-0,365; p=0,014 e rs=-0,386; p=0,009) e entre ansiedade e ato sexual (rs=-0,308; p=0,040). Conclusão: à medida que aumenta a tristeza, são menores as vivências afetivas e sexuais. Quanto maior a intensidade de ansiedade, menores são as vivências sexuais.

Sexuality and assessment of physical and psychological symptoms of older adults in outpatient care / Sexualidad y valoración de la sintomatología física y psicológica del anciano en consulta externa / Sexualidade e avaliação de sintomas físicos e psicológicos de idosos em assistência ambulatorial

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the relationship between affective and sexual experiences and the intensity of physical and psychological symptoms of older adults. Methods: observational, cross-sectional and analytical study, guided by the STROBE tool, carried out in a geriatric outpatient clinic. Sociodemographic and health questionnaire, Affective and Sexual Experiences Scale for Elderly, Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale were used. Descriptive statistical analysis and Spearman correlation were performed. Results: forty-five older adults participated, with a mean age of 73.8 years; most (91.1%) were married. The highest averages of symptom intensity were pain (4.9), anxiety (4.8), drowsiness (4.5), and a feeling of well-being (4.5). There was a negative correlation between sadness and the dimensions of sexual activity and affective relationships (rs=-0.365; p=0.014 and rs=-0.386; p=0.009) and between anxiety and sexual activity (rs=-0.308; p=0.040). Conclusion: as sadness increases, affective and sexual experiences are less. The greater the anxiety intensity, the lower the sexual experiences.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la relación entre las experiencias afectivas y sexuales y la intensidad de los síntomas físicos y psicológicos de las personas mayores. Métodos: estudio observacional, transversal y analítico, guiado por la herramienta STROBE, realizado en un ambulatorio geriátrico. Se utilizó: cuestionario sociodemográfico y de salud; Escala de Experiencias Afectivas y Sexuales del Adulto Mayor; Escala de síntomas de Edmonton. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo y correlación de Spearman. Resultados: participaron 45 ancianos, con una edad media de 73,8 años y la mayoría (91,1%) casados. Los mayores promedios de intensidad de los síntomas fueron dolor (4,9), ansiedad (4,8), somnolencia (4,5) y sensación de bienestar (4,5). Hubo una correlación negativa entre la tristeza y las dimensiones del acto sexual y las relaciones afectivas (rs=-0,365; p=0,014 y rs=-0,386; p=0,009) y entre la ansiedad y el acto sexual (rs=-0,308; p=0,040). Conclusión: a medida que aumenta la tristeza, las experiencias afectivas y sexuales son menores. Cuanto mayor es la intensidad de la ansiedad, menores son las experiencias sexuales.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a relação entre as vivências afetivas e sexuais e a intensidade de sintomas físicos e psicológicos dos idosos. Métodos: estudo observacional, transversal e analítico, norteado pela ferramenta STROBE, realizado em um ambulatório de geriatria. Utilizou-se: questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde; Escala de Vivências Afetivas e Sexuais do Idoso; Escala de Sintomas de Edmonton. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva e correlação de Spearman. Resultados: participaram 45 idosos com média de idade 73,8 anos e a maioria (91,1%) casada. As maiores médias de intensidade de sintomas foram dor (4,9), ansiedade (4,8), sonolência (4,5) e sensação de bem-estar (4,5). Houve correlação negativa entre tristeza e as dimensões ato sexual e relações afetivas (rs=-0,365; p=0,014 e rs=-0,386; p=0,009) e entre ansiedade e ato sexual (rs=-0,308; p=0,040). Conclusão: à medida que aumenta a tristeza, são menores as vivências afetivas e sexuais. Quanto maior a intensidade de ansiedade, menores são as vivências sexuais.

Frailty and associated risk factors in patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis. / Fragilidade e fatores de risco associados em pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise.

The objective of this article is to determine the relationship between frailty and socio-demographic/clinical characteristics in patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 107 participants. Descriptive, correlation and logistic regression analyses were performed, with the level of significance set to 5% (p < 0.05). The prevalence of frailty was 47.66%. Frailty was negatively correlated with cognition (r = -0.30; p = 0.002), functioning on instrumental activities of daily living (r = -0.41; p = 0.000) and hematocrit level (r = -0.19; p = 0.04). The proportion of frailty increased with the age of the participants (OR = 1.03; 95%CI: 1.004-1.069; p = 0.02). Individuals with chronic kidney disease on dialysis had high percentages of frailty, which was associated with an older age and correlated with cognition, functioning on instrumental activities of daily living and a lower hemotocrit level.

O objetivo deste artigo é verificar a relação entre fragilidade e os aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos de pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise. Estudo transversal, conduzido com 107 participantes. Realizou-se análise descritiva, correlação e regressão logística. Os resultados foram considerados significativos com p-valor ≤ 0,05. A prevalência de fragilidade correspondeu a 47,66%, correlacionou-se negativamente com a cognição (r = -0,30; p-valor = 0,002), funcionalidade para atividades instrumentais de vida diária (r = -0,41; p-valor = 0,000) e com o nível de hematócrito (r = -0,19; p-valor = 0,04). Constatou- se a maior proporção de fragilidade em participantes com maior idade (OR = 1,03; IC95% 1,004-1,069; p = 0,02). Os participantes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise apresentaram elevados percentuais de fragilidade, associada a maior idade e correlacionada a cognição, funcionalidade para atividades básicas de vida diária e menor nível de hematócrito.

Fragilidade e fatores de risco associados em pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise / Frailty and associated risk factors in patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é verificar a relação entre fragilidade e os aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos de pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise. Estudo transversal, conduzido com 107 participantes. Realizou-se análise descritiva, correlação e regressão logística. Os resultados foram considerados significativos com p-valor ≤ 0,05. A prevalência de fragilidade correspondeu a 47,66%, correlacionou-se negativamente com a cognição (r = -0,30; p-valor = 0,002), funcionalidade para atividades instrumentais de vida diária (r = -0,41; p-valor = 0,000) e com o nível de hematócrito (r = -0,19; p-valor = 0,04). Constatou- se a maior proporção de fragilidade em participantes com maior idade (OR = 1,03; IC95% 1,004-1,069; p = 0,02). Os participantes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise apresentaram elevados percentuais de fragilidade, associada a maior idade e correlacionada a cognição, funcionalidade para atividades básicas de vida diária e menor nível de hematócrito.

Abstract The objective of this article is to determine the relationship between frailty and socio-demographic/clinical characteristics in patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 107 participants. Descriptive, correlation and logistic regression analyses were performed, with the level of significance set to 5% (p < 0.05). The prevalence of frailty was 47.66%. Frailty was negatively correlated with cognition (r = -0.30; p = 0.002), functioning on instrumental activities of daily living (r = -0.41; p = 0.000) and hematocrit level (r = -0.19; p = 0.04). The proportion of frailty increased with the age of the participants (OR = 1.03; 95%CI: 1.004-1.069; p = 0.02). Individuals with chronic kidney disease on dialysis had high percentages of frailty, which was associated with an older age and correlated with cognition, functioning on instrumental activities of daily living and a lower hemotocrit level.

Factors associated to chronic kidney disease in people living with HIV/AIDS.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the factors associated to chronic kidney disease in people living with HIV (PLHIV). METHOD: a paired case-control study (4 controls for each case) carried out in a specialized care service in the Southeastern of Brazil, by analyzing PLHIV medical records. The sample consisted of 85 participants, corresponding to 17 cases and 68 controls. Pearson's chi-square test (Χ2) and Fisher's exact test, logistic regression, Odds Ratio (OR), 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and p<0.05 were used. SPSS version 25.0 and R Core Team, 2018 version 3.5.1 were used. RESULTS: the factors associated with chronic kidney disease identified in this study were the following: presence of Systemic Arterial Hypertension [OR=5.8, CI (95%)=1.84-18.42, p=0.001] and use of nephrotoxic anti-retrovirals in the previous therapeutic regimen [OR=3.3, CI (95%)=1.105-10.221, p=0.028]. On the other hand, age below 40 years old [OR: 0.122, CI (95%)=0.015-0.981, p=0.022] was identified as a protective factor. CONCLUSION: the PLHIV under study have multi-factorial exposure associated with chronic kidney disease. However, knowing these factors helps to identify the existing risks and/or renal dysfunction, in addition to supporting the clinical decision of the health professionals who directly assist them.

Efeitos da doença e adequação da hemodiálise em pacientes com rigidez arterial / Efectos de la enfermedad y adecuación de la hemodiálisis en pacientes con rigidez arterial / Effects of disease and hemodialysis adequacy in patients with arterial stiffness

RESUMO Objetivos Analisar a adequação do tratamento hemodialítico em pacientes com rigidez arterial e associar os efeitos da doença renal com os fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos. Método Estudo epidemiológico, transversal realizado com 149 renais crônicos em tratamento de hemodiálise em hospital escola do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Utilizou-se para medida da rigidez arterial o aparelho de Dyna-MAPA®. Foram aplicados os testes de regressão linear multivariada, t Student e o qui-quadrado para os biomarcadores e a ocorrência de rigidez arterial. Resultados A maioria dos pacientes encontrava em idade produtiva, inativa profissionalmente, do sexo masculino, união estável, fazendo restrição hídrica e alimentar, com menos de 48 meses de tratamento dialítico; 36,9% dos pacientes apresentavam rigidez arterial. Os biomarcadores creatinina, ureia e fósforo estavam aumentados; hematócrito e hemoglobina estavam diminuídos, média de peso interdialítico de 2,34 ± 1,4 kg, e a maioria do Kt/V inadequado. Quanto aos efeitos da doença renal observou-se significância estatística com os inscritos na lista de transplantes, maior tempo de tratamento e aumento da creatinina. Conclusão Estes resultados podem proporcionar a diminuição da morbimortalidade cardiovascular nestes pacientes.

RESUMEN Objetivos Analizar la adecuación del tratamiento hemodialítico en pacientes con rigidez arterial y asociar los efectos de la enfermedad renal con los factores sociodemográficos y clínicos. Método Estudio epidemiológico, transversal realizado con 149 renales crónicos en tratamiento de hemodiálisis, en el interior del Estado de São Paulo. Utilizaron el instrumento para medir la rigidez arterial el aparato de Dyna-MAPA®. Se aplicaron los pruebas de Regresión Lineal Multivaria, t Student y el Chi-Cuadrado para los biomarcadores y la ocurrencia de rigidez arterial. Resultados La mayoría estaba en edad productiva, inactiva profesionalmente, del sexo masculino, en unión estable, haciendo restricción hídrica y alimentar y con menos de 48 meses de tratamiento dialítico y 36,9% de los pacientes presentaban rigidez arterial. Los biomarcadores creatinina, urea y fósforo estaban aumentados, hematocrito y hemoglobina estaban disminuidos, media de peso interdialítico de 2,34 ± 1,4 kg, y la mayoría del Kt / V inadecuado. En cuanto a los efectos de la enfermedad renal se observó significancia estadística con los inscritos en la lista de trasplantes, mayor tiempo de tratamiento y aumento de la creatinina. Conclusión: Se espera que estos resultados proporcionen la disminución de la morbimortalidad cardiovascular de estos pacientes.

ABSTRACT Objectives To analyze the adequacy of hemodialysis treatment in patients with arterial stiffness and to associate the effects of renal disease with sociodemographic and clinical factors. Method A cross-sectional epidemiological study with 149 chronic renal patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment, in the interior of the State of São Paulo. They used to measure arterial stiffness with the Dyna-MAPA® device. The tests statistical were multivariate linear regression, t Student and chi-square were applied to the biomarkers and the occurrence of arterial stiffness. Results Most were of productive age, professionally inactive, male, in a stable union, water, and food restriction, and with less than 48 months of dialysis treatment and 36.9% of patients had arterial stiffness. The biomarkers creatinine, urea, and phosphorus were increased, hematocrit and hemoglobin were decreased, mean interdialytic weight was 2.34 ± 1.4kg, and most of the Kt / V inadequate. The effects of renal disease were statistically significant with those enrolled in the transplant list, longer treatment time, and increased creatinine. Conclusion These results are expected to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these patients.

Factors associated to chronic kidney disease in people living with HIV/AIDS / Fatores associados à doença renal crônica em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS* / Factores asociados a la enfermedad renal crónica en personas que viven con VIH/SIDA*

Objective: to analyze the factors associated to chronic kidney disease in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Method: a paired case-control study (4 controls for each case) carried out in a specialized care service in the Southeastern of Brazil, by analyzing PLHIV medical records. The sample consisted of 85 participants, corresponding to 17 cases and 68 controls. Pearson's chi-square test (Χ2) and Fisher's exact test, logistic regression, Odds Ratio (OR), 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and p<0.05 were used. SPSS version 25.0 and R Core Team, 2018 version 3.5.1 were used. Results: the factors associated with chronic kidney disease identified in this study were the following: presence of Systemic Arterial Hypertension [OR=5.8, CI (95%)=1.84-18.42, p=0.001] and use of nephrotoxic anti-retrovirals in the previous therapeutic regimen [OR=3.3, CI (95%)=1.105-10.221, p=0.028]. On the other hand, age below 40 years old [OR: 0.122, CI (95%)=0.015-0.981, p=0.022] was identified as a protective factor. Conclusion: the PLHIV under study have multi-factorial exposure associated with chronic kidney disease. However, knowing these factors helps to identify the existing risks and/or renal dysfunction, in addition to supporting the clinical decision of the health professionals who directly assist them.

Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados à doença renal crônica em pessoas vivendo com HIV (PVHIV). Método: estudo do tipo caso-controle pareado (4 controles para cada caso), realizado em um serviço de atendimento especializado no sudeste do Brasil, por meio de análise de prontuários de PVHIV. A amostra foi de 85 participantes, correspondendo a 17 casos e 68 controles. Utilizou-se teste qui-quadrado de Pearson (Χ2) e teste exato de Fisher, regressão logística, Odds Ratio (OR), Intervalo de Confiança (IC) de 95% e p<0,05. Utilizou-se os programas SPSS versão 25.0 e R Core Team, 2018 versão 3.5.1. Resultados: os fatores associados à doença renal crônica identificados neste estudo foram: a presença de Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica [OR=5,8, IC (95%)=1,84-18,42, p=0,001] e o uso dos antirretrovirais nefrotóxicos em esquema terapêutico anterior [OR=3,3, IC (95%)=1,105-10,221, p=0,028]. Por outro lado, a idade menor de 40 anos [OR: 0,122, IC (95%)= 0,015-0,981, p=0,022] foi identificada como um fator de proteção. Conclusão: as PVHIV estudadas possuem exposição multifatorial associadas à doença renal crônica. Entretanto, conhecer esses fatores auxilia na identificação dos riscos e/ou disfunção renal existentes, além de dar suporte na decisão clínica dos profissionais da saúde que os assistem diretamente.

Objetivo: analizar los factores asociados a la enfermedad renal crónica en personas que viven con VIH/SIDA (PVVIH). Método: estudio del tipo caso-control emparejado (4 controles para cada caso), realizado en un servicio de atención especializado en el sudeste de Brasil por medio del análisis de registros médicos de PVVIH. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 85 participantes, correspondiendo a 17 casos y 68 controles. Se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrado de Pearson (Χ2) y la prueba exacta de Fisher, regresión logística, OddsRatio (OR), Intervalo de Confianza (IC) del 95%, y p<0,05. Se utilizaron los programas SPSS versión 25.0 y R Core Team, 2018 versión 3.5.1. Resultados: los factores asociados a la enfermedad renal crónica identificados en este estudio fueron los siguientes: presencia de Hipertensión Arterial Sistémica [OR=5,8, IC (95%)=1,84-18,42, p=0,001] y uso de antirretrovirales nefrotóxicos en esquema terapéutico anterior [OR=3,3, IC (95%)=1,105-10,221, p=0,028]. Por otra parte, la edad menor que 40 años [OR: 0,122, IC (95%)=0,015-0,981, p=0,022] se identificó como un factor de protección. Conclusión: las PVVIH estudiadas presentan exposición multifactorial asociada a la enfermedad renal crónica. Sin embargo, conocer estos factores ayuda a identificar los riesgos y/o la disfunción renal existentes, además de servir como soporte para la decisión clínica de los profesionales de la salud que atienden directamente a estas personas.

Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus / Health-related quality of life of patients bearing diabetes mellitus / Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de pacientes con el Diabetes Mellitus

Objetivo: Investigar a qualidade de vida de pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus (DM) e parâmetros clínicos. Método: Estudo transversal, em Unidade de Saúde do interior paulista, em 2016. A amostra foi constituída de 73 pacientes com DM. Utilizou-se o Instrumento DQOL-Brasil, sobre satisfação, impacto, preocupações sociais e ou vocacionais e preocupações relacionadas ao DM. Resultados: Predominou a idade média de 62,7 anos, sexo feminino, casado e aposentado. A preocupação social vocacional apresentou a melhor pontuação para a qualidade de vida enquanto a satisfação, a pior. Para os pacientes com alteração da hemoglobina glicada, a qualidade de vida foi classificada como pior do que para aqueles sem alteração. Para aqueles com o valor hemoglobina glicada sem alteração, a melhor qualidade de vida foi para o domínio preocupação social vocacional e o pior, no domínio satisfação. Conclusão: Os resultados podem subsidiar estudos de intervenção e o planejamento das ações nos serviços de saúde

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the health-related quality of life and clinical parameters of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, which was undertaken with 73 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a health unit of the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) [Brazilian Unified Health System] in Ribeirão Preto city, São Paulo State, Brazil, in 2016. The DQOL-Brazil questionnaire, which covers the domains of satisfaction, impact, social and/or vocational concerns, and concerns about diabetes mellitus, was used for data collection. Results: Most of the participants were female, married, and retired with an average age of 62.7 years old. The domain of vocational and/or social concerns had the best score for quality of life while satisfaction had the worst. The quality of life of patients with altered glycated hemoglobin levels was worse than that of patients without such alterations. For those with unchanged hemoglobin glycated levels, the domain of social and/or vocational concerns had the best quality of life scores while the domain of satisfaction had the worst. Conclusion: The results can help the development of intervention studies and strategic plans in health services

Objetivo: Investigar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus (DM) y parametros clinicos. Método: Estudio transversal, en Unidad de Salud del interior paulista, en 2016. La muestra fue constituida de 73 pacientes con diabetes mellitus. Se utilizó el Instrumento DQOL-Brasil, conteniendo cuatro dominios: satisfacción, impacto, preocupaciones sociales y / o vocacionales y preocupaciones relacionadas con el DM. Resultados: Edad media de 62,7 años, sexo femenino, casado y jubilado. El dominio de la preocupación social vocacional presentó la mejor puntuación para la calidad de vida mientras que el dominio de satisfacción, la peor. Para los pacientes con alteración de la hemoglobina glucosa, la calidad de vida fue clasificada como peor que para aquellos sin alteración. Para aquellos con el valor hemoglobina glucosa sin alteración, la mejor calidad de vida fue para el dominio preocupación social vocacional y el peor, en el dominio satisfacción. Conclusión: Los resultados pueden subsidiar estudios de intervención y la planificación de las acciones en los servicios de salud

Resilience, quality of life and symptoms of depression among elderlies receiving outpatient care.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the relation between resilience and demographic variables, quality of life and symptoms of depression in elderlies attended at a Geriatric Outpatient Clinic. METHOD: analytical cross-sectional study, conducted with 148 elderlies, with a questionnaire of sociodemographic and health characterization, the Resilience Scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Old, and the Center for Epidemiologic Survey - Depression Scale. Descriptive statistics, Student's t-test and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis. RESULTS: there was a positive correlation between resilience and schooling (r = 0.208; p = 0.010), income (r = 0.194; p = 0.017), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref (r = 0.242; p = 0.003), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Old (r = 0.522; p <0.001), and negative correlation regarding symptoms of depression (r = -0.270; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Resilience presented relation to schooling, income, quality of life and symptoms of depression in the elderly. These results are expected to help the multidisciplinary team plan actions aimed at developing resilience towards the promotion of health and good quality of life in old age.